Timor specificus Index Epidemiologia | Genera timorum propriorum | Diagnosis | Nexus interni Notae | Bibliographia | Nexus exterrni | Tabula navigationis"Phobias: Specific Phobias Types and Symptoms,"Encyclopedia of Mental Disorders – Specific phobiasAmplifica

Timores


morborum anxietatistimorepersonavitamHomoimpetum pavorisadultissalutemPraevalentiaCivitatibus FoederatispueritiaadolescentiamMulieresevolutionariainfantespuerosphobiaedecemtredecimdiagnosticorum






Quamquam plurima arachnida innocua sunt, homo arachnophobiam patiens pavorem sentire vel anxius prope exemplum esse potest. Aliquando etiam res araneae similis in homine arachnophobico impetum pavoris stimulare potest. Haec imago "Little Miss Muffet" carmen puerorum depingit, in quo puella eponyma a simulacro araneae exterretur.


Timor specificus, vel fortasse phobia propria, est quilibet multorum morborum anxietatis qui ex timore absurdo vel rationis experte qui ad res vel condiciones expositas spectat oritur. Evenit ut persona adfecta contactum cum rebus vel condicionibus et, in casibus severis, ullam mentionem vel depictionem earum vitare soleat. Timor revera vitam quotidianam valde debilitare potest.[1]


Timor vel anxietas a praesentia vel exspectatione rei vel condicionis specificae effici potest. Homo in rem incidens timefactus saepe indicia timoris ostendit vel incommodum exprimit. Res in nonnullis casibus impetum pavoris efficere potest. In plurimis adultis, homo intellegere potest quod timor est rationis expers, sed nihilominus se in difficili anxietatis temperatae experientur. Itaque, haec condicio eius ingenia et adeo salutem physicam magnopere imminuere potest




Index





  • 1 Epidemiologia


  • 2 Genera timorum propriorum


  • 3 Diagnosis


  • 4 Nexus interni


  • 5 Notae


  • 6 Bibliographia


  • 7 Nexus exterrni




Epidemiologia |


Praevalentia timorum specificorum per singulum annum est 8.7 centesimae in Civitatibus Foederatis, ubi 21.9 centesimae casuum sunt severae, 30.0 centesimae mediocres, et 48.1 centesimae mites.[2][3] Usitata aetas initii est pueritia ad adolescentiam. Mulieres sunt bis tantum timores specificos pati quam viri.[4]


Doctrina evolutionaria arguit infantes et pueros evolvere timores specificos qui se nocere possunt, ergo phobiae eos faciunt ut pericula agnoscant. Usitatissimus morbus consociatus in pueris timorem specificum patentibus est alius anxietatis morbus. Quamquam comorbiditas in pueris timores specificos patentibus saepe videtur, minus esse solet quam in aliis anxietatis morbis solet. Initium usitate est inter septem et novem annos natos. Timores specifici aetate ulla fieri possunt, sed cacumen tangere videntur inter decem et tredecim annos natos.



Genera timorum propriorum |


Apud quartam Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders editionem, timores in has categorias generales digeri possunt:



  • Genus animalis: timor canum, felum, rattorum, et/vel murum, suum, boum, avium, aranearum, vel serpentium.

  • Genus circumiectorum naturalium: timor altitudinum (acrophobia), tonitruorum et fulminum (astraphobia), vel senectutis (gerascophobia).

  • Genus condicionis: timor spatiorum parvorum et artorum (claustrophobia), vel obscuritatis (nyctophobia).

  • Genus vulneris, sanginis, iniectionis, quod timorem actorum medicorum comprehendit, inter quae acus et iniectiones (trypanophobia), timorem sanguinis (haemophobia), et timorem vulnerum.[5]

  • Timores alii: timor morborum ac timores pueriles sonorum magnorum vel hominum inusitate vestitarum.[6]


Diagnosis |


Praecipuae indiciorum diagnosticorum timorum specificorum in DSM-IV-TR proprietates:


  • Timor notus et constans qui nimis aut absurdus est, a praesentia aut exspectatione rei aut condicionis specificae innutus (e.g., volatus, altitudinum, animalium, acuum, sanguinis).
  • Exponi stimulo timoris paene semper responsum anxietatis incitat, quod speciem impetus pavoris ad condicionem adligati vel inclinati habere potest. In pueris, anxietas exprimi potest per vagiendum, impetus, lentitudinem, vel adhaerendum
  • Homo agnoscit timorem esse nimis aut absurdum. In pueris, haec proprietas abesse potest.
  • Condicio timoris defugitur aut per anxietatem vel miseriam acerrimam sustinetur.

Nexus interni


  • Index timorum

  • Logophobia


Notae |



  1. ↑ WebMD, "Phobias: Specific Phobias Types and Symptoms," www.webmd.com.


  2. ↑ Kessler et al. 2005.


  3. ↑ Narrow et al 2002.


  4. ↑ Cameron 2004.


  5. ↑ Millon, Blaney, et Davis 1999:82


  6. ↑ DSM-IV-TR 300.29, p. 445.



Bibliographia |


  • Cameron, Alasdair. 2004. Crash Course Psychiatry. Elsevier. ISBN 0723433402.

  • Kessler, Ronald, Wai Tat Chiu, Olga Demler, et Ellen Walters. 2005. Prevalence, Severity and Comorbidity of 12-Month DSM-IV Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Archives of General Psychiatry 62(6):617–709.

  • Millon, Theodore, Paul H. Blaney, et Roger D. Davis. 1999. Oxford Textbook of Psychopathology. ISBN 0195103076.

  • Narrow, D. A. Rae, L. N. Robins, et D. A. Regier. 2002. Revised Prevalence Estimates of Mental Disorders in the United States. Archives of General Psychiatry 59:115–123. PMID 11825131. DOI 10.1001/archpsyc.59.2.115.


Nexus exterrni |


  • Encyclopedia of Mental Disorders – Specific phobias

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