Halicephalobus mephisto Notae | Tabula navigationis"Deepest living land animal found""Discovery of ‘worms from hell’ deep beneath Earth’s surface raises new questions""New "Devil Worm" Is Deepest-Living Animal"

NematodaTaxa 2011Taxa Borgonie


speciesnematodorumGaetano BorgonieTullis Onstott2011aquissaxosisaurifodinisAfrica Australiterraeorganismus multicellularisterraetemperaturassine sexubacteriiscomputationem radiocarbonicamaquis solioxygeniioceanorumMephistophelelucemanimalcalorempressionemqueorganismusmulticellularisdetritivororumtemperaturaspluvialibusgeneriscaudammicrometra



















Halicephalobus mephisto

Taxinomia

Regnum:

Animalia

Phylum:

Nematoda

Classis:

Chromadorea

Ordo:

Rhabditida

Familia:

Panagrolaimidae

Genus:

Halicephalobus

Species:

H. mephisto

Binomen

Halicephalobus mephisto
(Borgonie, García-Moyano, Litthauer, Bert, Bester, van Heerden, Möller, Erasmus, & Onstott, 2011)[1]

Halicephalobus mephisto est species nematodorum, inter vermes rotundos a Gaetano Borgonie, Tullis Onstott, et eorum manu investigatorum anno 2011 inventos. Habitabat in aquis ex altis fissuris saxosis in nonnullis aurifodinis in Africa Australi 0.9 km (0.56 milia passuum), 1.3 km (0.81 milia passuum), et 3.6 km (2.2 milia passuum) sub superficie terrae extractis.[1] Onstott dixit "eos primum vidisse moventis terrorem mihi incussisse,"[2] et exposuit "eos videri perparvas et atras res versantis."[3][4] Haec inventio est gravis quia nullus alius organismus multicellularis sub 2 km (1.2 milia passuum) sub superficie terrae repertus est.[5]


Halicephalobus mephisto altas resistit temperaturas, se sine sexu regignit, et bacteriis subterraneis vescitur. Secundum computationem radiocarbonicam hi vermes in aquis soli 3000–12 000 annos natis habitant.[1] Ei etiam in aquis quibus sunt minimi oxygenii gradus, minus quam 1 centesima pars graduum plurimorum oceanorum, superesse possunt.[4] Hic vermis rotundus ex Mephistophele appellatur,[4] "quo lucem non amat"; nomen quod vermis tam alte sub superficie terrae invenitur memorat.[1]


Halicephalobus mephisto est altissime vivum animal hactenus inventum, quod calorem pressionemque contundentem resistere potest,[6] primus organismus multicellularis in talibus altitudinibus sub superficie inventus. Iam nota species ex altitudinibus similibus per eandem investigationem fuit Plectus aquatilis.[4] Borgonie dixit hunc vermem speciei detritivororum quae in superficie habitat similem esse, et probabiliter ex speciebus superficialibus genitum fuisse. Tales species temperaturas extremas resistere possunt, et ergo Borgonie, cum primum animal illa altitudine inventum esset vermis, non admiratus est.[4] Investigatores suspicati sunt hanc speciem ex animalibus superficialibus genitam fuisse quae ab aquis pluvialibus de superficie abluta erant.[4]


Halicephalobus mephisto est 0.52 ad 0.56 mm longus. Quamquam speciebus generis Halicephalobi sint paucae proprietates distinctae, H. mephisto ab aliis speciebus intra genus distingui potest ob caudam longiorem, inter 110 et 130 micrometra longam. Ad H. gingivalem arte conectitur, atque artiore ad certas species nominis iam expertes eodem in genere.[1]



Notae |



  1. ↑ 1.01.11.21.31.4 Borgonie, J.;; García-Moyano, A.; Litthauer, D.; Bert, W.; Bester, A.; van Heerden, E.; Möller, C.; Erasmus, M.; Onstott, T. C. (2011). "Nematoda from the terrestrial deep subsurface of South Africa". Nature 474 (7349): 79–82 


  2. ↑ [That] "it scared the life out of me when I first saw them moving."


  3. ↑ [That] "they look like black little swirly things."


  4. ↑ 4.04.14.24.34.44.5 Carpenter, Jennifer (2011-06-02). "Deepest living land animal found". BBC 


  5. ↑ Kaufman, Marc (2011-06-01). "Discovery of ‘worms from hell’ deep beneath Earth’s surface raises new questions". The Washington Post 


  6. ↑ Mosher, Dave (2011-06-01). "New "Devil Worm" Is Deepest-Living Animal". National Geographic 







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